Identification of Metal Mineral Potential in the Form of Iron Ore through Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) Testing in the Laeya Region, Southeast Sulawesi

Buton Island is a fragment from the rifting of the Australian-New Guinea plate and has a complex tectonic history involving rifting, drifting, and collision during the Neogene period. This evolution has enriched the island with abundant natural and mineral resources. This study aims to identify the potential for metal mineralization, particularly iron ore, in the Laeya region, North Buton Regency, Southeast Sulawesi. The analysis was conducted using Landsat 8 OLI TIRS satellite imagery and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to delineate prospective areas containing iron ore. PCA results indicate potential metal mineralization, specifically iron ore, in certain areas, primarily in open regions not covered by vegetation. The morphology of the study area consists of hills and karst plains, with river flow patterns controlled by geological structures. The lithology of the region is dominated by limestone and marble. Results are supported by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) testing of rock samples, which reveals an average iron (Fe) content of 4.4%. Although the iron content is relatively low, these findings provide initial indications of metal mineral potential in the area and may serve as a basis for further exploration research.