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This review highlights applications of large language models in NLP tasks, indicating their effectiveness in various areas.
The review enumerates the predominant applications of large language models (LLMs) in natural language processing (NLP) tasks, with a particular emphasis on the years 2023 to 2025. A particular emphasis is placed on applications pertaining to information retrieval, named entity recognition, text or document classification, text summarization, machine translation, question-and-answer generation, fake news or hate speech detection, and sentiment analysis of text. Furthermore, metrics such as ROUGE, BERT, METEOR, BART, and BLEU scores are presented to evaluate the capabilities of a given language model. The following example illustrates the calculation of scores for the aforementioned metrics, utilizing sentences generated by ChatGPT 3.5, which is free and publicly available.
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Golec et al. (2025) studied this question.
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