Urban Form and Urban Energy Consumption at the Macro Scale in China

The research results show that urban form has a significant impact on urban building energy consumption. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the relationship between urban form and urban building energy consumption. This study selects 26 cities in China across four climate zones and studies the relationship on a macro scale. In terms of urban building energy consumption, this study summarizes a set of data collation methods for calculating the total energy consumption of residential buildings and public buildings. In terms of urban form, this study constructed three types of urban form indicators (basic indicators, two-dimensional indicators, and three-dimensional indicators) and proposes a set of methods for calculating the urban built-up area, the total urban building area, the urban residential building area, and the urban public building area. This research finds that in the four climate zones, total urban building energy consumption is extremely strongly correlated with indicators such as resident population, GDP, total building area, building base area, and built-up area, and urban building energy consumption per unit area is extremely strongly correlated with indicators such as clustering, building intensity, urban building orientation, shading factor, and shape coefficient of building, but the relevant indicators are not exactly the same in each climate zone.