Development of a New Spark Plasma Sintering Biphasic Calcium Phosphate With Bioglass Composite Ceramics and Examination of Its Biological Activity and Osteogenic Characteristics

Bone tissue engineering offers a promising strategy for repairing massive bone defects, with diverse biomaterials continuously emerging in this field. However, the capabilities of single‐material systems increasingly fail to meet the requirements for bone regeneration. There is an urgent need to develop novel composite biomaterials. Herein, we fabricate biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP)/bioglass composite ceramics via digital light processing (DLP)‐assisted spark plasma sintering (SPS) and systematically evaluate bioglass‐ratio‐dependent biological activity, biodegradability, and osteogenic efficacy through in vitro and in vivo models. We determined that 45S5 bioglass at 20 wt.% optimally enhances osteogenic differentiation, demonstrating significant potential for bone defect repair in future clinical applications.