Non-communicable disease multi-comorbidities and risks of unfavourable tuberculosis treatment outcomes among routine tuberculosis patients, Southern Ethiopia

Abstract Background Even though non-communicable diseases are associated with adverse or poor TB treatment outcomes, there are a few recorded base studies conducted on determinants of tuberculosis treatment outcomes, which are more concentrated on diabetes mellitus. This study aims to estimate comorbidity and risk factors of unfavourable tuberculosis treatment outcomes among tuberculosis patient Methods and material A prospective follow-up study was conducted and the study population were screened by standard and validated procedure for exposure categorization; and followed until treatment completion, respective to six months. A bivariate and multiple logistic regression model was developed for risk estimates of odds ratio after descriptive statics proportion and mean explored and it was presented in tables and figures. Result The majority (92.5%) of tuberculosis patients had successful treatment outcomes, of which 46.5% and 42.28% were completed and cured, respectively. TB patients comorbid with any one NCD (DM, HPN, cancer, COPD, CVD), comorbid with any two or more NCDs (DM, HPN, cancer, COPD, CVD), TB patients who had waist circumference 72–79 cm/ 78–89 cm, and care facility as health centre were found to be an independent predictor for the unfavourable TB treatment outcomes Conclusion Even though the majority of TB patients had a treatment success rate, multi-comorbidity negatively predicted the treatment success. For better TB treatment outcomes policymakers should develop an early detection and management platform for identified risk factors in available TB programs.