Intersecting Conservation and Climate Change: Community-Based Management of Large Mammals in the Hunza Highlands, Pakistan

Abstract The mountain ecosystems of northern Pakistan, particularly the Hunza district, harbor critical populations of large mammalian wildlife, including the Himalayan Ibex, Snow Leopard, and Marco Polo Sheep. While community-based conservation initiatives have contributed to the partial recovery of these species, the region is simultaneously experiencing the adverse effects of climate change. This study synthesizes field observations, community surveys, and literature to examine the dual impact of conservation initiatives and climate-induced ecological changes. Results suggest that adaptive, community-inclusive strategies are vital for sustainable biodiversity protection in mountainous ecosystems.