Clinical Characteristics, Laboratory Findings, and Maternal-Fetal Outcomes in Pregnant Women With COVID-19

Background: It is important to collect and report data on pregnancy status and maternal-fetal outcomes to inform the treatment of pregnant women with COVID-19. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, and final maternal and fetal outcomes of pregnant women with COVID-19 who were referred to hospitals affiliated with Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This cross-sectional study examined the medical records of 62 pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19, confirmed via positive nasopharyngeal tests. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were systematically collected using a standardized checklist and detailed review of patients’ medical histories. The collected data were subsequently analyzed to determine relevant patterns and outcomes. Results: A total of 62 pregnant women with COVID-19 who were referred to hospitals affiliated with Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 31.68 years. The most common clinical symptoms reported by the patients were fever (67.7%), cough (50%), myalgia (41.9%), and shortness of breath (40.3%). The most common underlying conditions were hypothyroidism (6.5%), hypertension (4.8%), and chronic neurological disease (4.8%). Laboratory findings revealed elevated D-dimer levels in 88.3% of patients, C-reactive protein (CRP) in 83.3%, and lymphopenia in 23.2% of patients. In terms of disease severity, 58.1% of the patients experienced a mild form of COVID-19, 29% had moderate disease, and 12.1% presented with a severe form of the disease. Maternal death was observed in 4.8% of cases, and no newborns tested positive for COVID-19. Conclusion: The study found that fever and cough were the most prevalent clinical symptoms among pregnant women with COVID-19. Hypothyroidism emerged as the most common underlying condition, while elevated D-dimer, CRP, and lymphopenia were the most common laboratory abnormalities. The majority of cases were mild, with a maternal mortality rate of 4.8%. The study also revealed no evidence of vertical transmission of COVID-19 to newborns.