The High Cost of Autism Care in Malaysia: A Review of Financial Burdens and Policy Gaps

Caring for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) imposes severe and ongoing financial strain on Malaysian families. This review synthesises domestic and international research, with a focus on direct costs—such as therapy, medical care, and education—and assesses the adequacy of government welfare, insurance, and institutional support. Findings reveal that families often face high out-of-pocket spending and fragmented support. The paper concludes with targeted policy recommendations to strengthen financial protection and institutional aid for affected households.