Effect of calcium silicate-based repair sealers on bone healing in rat skull defects: histological and histomorphometric study

AIM. This study investigated the impact of calcium silicate sealers on bone healing in rat calvaria defects. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Twenty-six rats were divided into 3 groups. Calvaria defects were prepared and treated in 3 different ways: CG ( n = 6): Filling with clot; ES ( n = 10): Filling with Endosequence BC RRM Putty repair sealer and BC ( n = 10): Filling with Bio C repair sealer. RESULTS. After 15 and 30 days, histological evaluations revealed varied levels of bone regeneration and inflammation. The group treated with a blood clot showed more bone regeneration without inflammation at 15 days. However, after 30 days, complete closure of the defect with immature tissue was observed in this group, while limited new bone formation occurred in the other groups, accompanied by mild inflammation. CONCLUSIONS. Overall, the study suggests that calcium silicate-based sealers can induce new bone formation, but they do not offer superior bone repair compared to natural healing with a blood clot alone.