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August 19, 2025AgricultureOpen Access

Controlled-Release Urea Coordinates Maize Physiology with Soil Nitrogen Retention: Balancing High Yield and Environmental Sustainability

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Field evaluation shows controlled-release urea improves nitrogen efficiency and maize yield, highlighting benefits for sustainability.

Controlled-release urea treatment resulted in increased maize yields and improved nitrogen use efficiency, optimizing growth conditions.
The treatment at 180 kg N ha−1 achieved a net photosynthetic rate increase of up to 32.7%, enhancing plant performance significantly.
Life cycle assessment revealed a 47.5% cut in reactive nitrogen losses with controlled-release urea, indicating environmental benefits.
These findings support the use of thermosetting polymer-coated urea for sustainable maize production in the North China Plain area.

Yan et al. (2025) studied this question.

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