Numerical simulation demonstrates accuracy of surface tension algorithm in raindrop behavior, suggesting improved computational strategies.
In this paper, both the basic theory derived from the SPH method and the relevant strategies to raise accuracy and computational efficiency are elaborately presented. The SPH method for the surface tension is described. Some typical cases, such as the raindrop oscillation, the raindrop rebound, the collision coalescence of same-size raindrops, and so on, have been applied. The numerical simulations of these examples are done using the SPH technique. Comparison results with experimental data and theoretical solutions will demonstrate the validity and accuracy of the surface tension algorithm.
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Shi et al. (2025) studied this question.
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