Tsunami behavior and evacuation in the coastal region of Toyama Prefecture, Japan based on post-event survey of the 2024 Noto Peninsula Earthquake tsunami

On January 1 2024, at 16:10 JST, a Mw-7.5 near-field earthquake occurred on the Noto Peninsula of Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan as a result of shallow reverse faulting in the Earth's crust. This event caused disaster impacts on cities and towns not only in Ishikawa Prefecture, but also in Toyama Prefecture through a series of strong earthquake shakes, strong ground motions, slope failures, liquefaction, fire, and tsunamis. This study analyzed evacuation situations immediately after the 2024 Noto Peninsula Earthquake using questionnaire surveys. In addition, the tsunami height, run-up situations, and locations of the submarine landslides that occurred in Toyama Bay are summarized and discussed by adding new observation locations and a literature review. The questionnaire survey revealed that more than 80% of the people evacuated after the earthquake. More than 50% of the people evacuated within 10-min of the earthquake. It should be emphasized that more than 70% of people evacuated using a car. These results clearly indicate that evacuation strategies using cars are required to prepare for the next tsunami in Toyama Prefecture.