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Survey identifies star formation activity via formaldehyde and hydrogen emission in Cygnus-X, suggesting complex structures.
A new high-sensitivity survey of 6 cm H₂CO (11, 0-11, 1) absorption and H110α emission confirm the widespread molecular structures in the Cygnus-X region. High formaldehyde column densities identify regions with ongoing or new star formation activity while the Hydrogen recombination emission reveal past and evolved star formation regions. A novel method has been introduced to estimate the H2CO excitation temperature Tex of the Cygnus-X region using only the 6 cm transition that resulted an updated map of the excitation temperature field. The excitation temperatures and the associated background temperatures in the Cygnus-North region confirm the star-formation activity in Cygnus-North to be higher than in Cygnus-South. The H₂CO absorption contours and the H110α contours show some association with the 6 cm continuum structure and reveal a complex structure of current and past star formation regions. The formaldehyde line proves to be an excellent tracer of existing and future star-formation region.
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Imanaly et al. (2025) studied this question.
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