Pregnancy-Induced Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome

Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a rare form of thrombotic microangiopathy that causes anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute renal failure. In aHUS, a triggering event can lead to dysregulation of the complement immune system, leading to a cascade of events resulting in clot formation, capillary thrombosis, and renal dysfunction. Numerous triggers for aHUS exist, and pregnancy-associated aHUS (P-aHUS), in particular, is associated with poor maternal outcomes, with high risk for adverse events due to the inherent difficulties in establishing the diagnosis and treatment, along with the sequelae associated with the disease itself. We present a case of P-aHUS here, highlighting the diagnostic challenges, clinical management, and the importance of timely intervention, while also emphasizing the role of the monoclonal antibody drug eculizumab in its treatment.