Comparative Analysis of Inclusive Education Policies in ASEAN Countries: Case Studies of Indonesia and Malaysia

This study presents a comparative analysis of inclusive education policies in ASEAN countries, focusing specifically on Indonesia and Malaysia. Through a qualitative case study approach, it examines the historical development, legal frameworks, policy implementation strategies, and challenges faced by both nations in promoting inclusive education. The findings reveal significant similarities, such as a shared commitment to international conventions and the adoption of inclusive education within national legislation. However, notable differences emerge in policy execution, resource allocation, teacher training, and community engagement. Indonesia demonstrates a decentralized approach with regional variations, while Malaysia adopts a more centralized and structured model. The study highlights best practices and lessons learned, offering recommendations for policymakers to enhance the effectiveness of inclusive education initiatives across the ASEAN region. Ultimately, this research contributes to the growing discourse on educational equity and the realization of inclusive societies.