Implementing the ‘Rehabilitation is all about learning’ approach; a qualitative study providing insight into facilitators and barriers from both healthcare professionals’ and patients perspectives

Abstract Objective: To explore the facilitators and barriers of implementing the ‘Rehabilitation is all about Learning’ approach from both healthcare professionals’ and patients’ perspectives. Design: Phenomenological qualitative study using semi-structured interviews Subjects: Healthcare professionals and inpatient patients of Tolbrug Rehabilitation engaged in the ‘Rehabilitation is all about Learning’ approach Methods: The interview guide for healthcare professionals was based on the Theoretical Domains Framework, and for patients, on the Positive Health Model. Themes emerged after thematic analyses. Results: Three main themes emerged: competence, autonomy, and relatedness. Healthcare professionals experienced tensions between their medical expertise and coaching roles. Patients initially relied on guidance but later gaining confidence in self-directed rehabilitation. Interdisciplinary collaboration enhanced patient-centered care, although unclear role boundaries posed challenges in coordinating treatment. While empowerment motivated proactive patients, it raised concerns for those with cognitive impairments. Peer and organizational support were essential for healthcare professionals’ confidence, while patients valued communal spaces and peer support for increased motivation. Conclusion: A patient-centred, learning-based approach such as ‘Rehabilitation is all about Learning’, fosters autonomy, ownership, and participation. Successful implementation relies on healthcare professionals’ competence and confidence in their evolving roles as coaches, as well as their ability to collaborate effectively within interdisciplinary teams. Continuous feedback and on-the-job coaching are essential for improving implementation. Future research should explore how the RiL-approach can be adapted and implemented in diverse rehabilitation settings to enhance long-term patient autonomy and team collaboration.