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August 21, 2025Open Access

Consumption of 100% Juice and Diluted 100% Juice Is Associated with Better Compliance with Dietary Guidelines for Americans: Analyses of NHANES 2017–2023

RGRozenn GazanHôpital de la Timone MMMatthieu MaillotHôpital de la Timone ADAdam DrewnowskiKaiser Permanente

Key Points

Higher healthy eating index scores were associated with 100% juice consumption, reflecting better dietary compliance and nutrient intake.
Approximately 88% of the sample consumed less than 4 oz/day of 100% juice, while 93% consumed under 1 cup/day, showing limited intake.
Consumption patterns varied by race, ethnicity, and income, with lower income groups consuming less whole fruit and more juice.
This suggests that increasing 100% fruit juice intake in certain demographics may enhance nutrient availability without displacing whole fruit.

Abstract

Background: The Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) and the American Academy of Pediatrics recommend limiting 100% juice consumption to 0.5–1.25 cups/day and to no more than one half of total fruit intake. Objective: To explore the dietary benefits of consuming 100% fruit juice and diluted 100% juice across diverse socio-demographic strata in the US. Methods: Consumption patterns for 100% juice and diluted 100% juice were examined by sex, age group, income-to-poverty ratio (IPR), and race/ethnicity. Dietary intakes came from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2017-2020 and 2021-2023). The Healthy Eating Index 2020 (HEI 2020) and diet-level Nutrient Rich Food (NRF9.3) scores were the two measures of diet quality. The amounts of 100% juice consumed were compared to published DGA recommendations. Results: The consumption of 100% juice was greatly below that of water, milk, and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs). The consumption of diluted 100% juice was very low. Consumers of 100% juice had higher HEI 2020 scores (53 vs. 48) and diets with less added sugar and more total fruit, more potassium, calcium, and vitamin C. About 88% of the NHANES sample consumed <4 oz/day (1/2 cup) of 100% juice and most derived at least 50% of fruit from whole fruit, though some variation by income and race/ethnicity was observed. About 93% of the sample consumed <1 cup/day (8 oz) of 100% juice. Lower income groups consumed less whole fruit and more 100% juice. Conclusion: The consumption of 100% fruit juice was a marker of healthier dietary choices. The observed social gradient suggests that 100% fruit juice may provide valuable nutrients to populations who may be unable to afford or access whole fruit. Public health recommendations: The consumption of 100% fruit juice by some population subgroups could be increased. Fruit juice was not displacing whole fruit, and current consumption was well below the current DGA recommended values.

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