Aerodynamic-infrared integrated stealth design method of hypersonic glide vehicles

Achieving aerodynamic-infrared (IR) integrated stealth in hypersonic glide vehicles (HGVs) is challenged by the competing demands of thermal load management and IR signature reduction. This study introduces a unified computational framework that optimizes aerodynamic efficiency and IR observability by integrating high-fidelity computational fluid dynamics (CFD), conjugate heat transfer, radiative modeling, and surrogate-assisted multi-objective optimization. Using a parametrically deformed hypersonic technology vehicle 2-type (HTV-2-type) configuration, the method identifies design tradeoffs between nose radius, material emissivity, and geometric features, validated through CFD and infrared modeling at Mach 8 and 30 km altitude. The approach achieves up to 14.6% reduction in peak IR radiance without compromising aerodynamic performance, and reveals the dominant influence of material emissivity and leading-edge shaping on IR detectability. This integrated strategy establishes a quantifiable path for the design of next-generation, low-observable HGVs, offering practical guidance for sensor avoidance in high-speed flight regimes.