A Data-driven Study of Variables Associated with Locus of Control in the Next Steps Cohort

Locus of control is described as either internal or external, reflecting how individuals attribute their successes and failures - either to their own efforts and actions or to external factors such as luck or circumstances. Despite its importance in psychology, the associations between various factors and locus of control have not been thoroughly explored, with much of the existing research relying on cross-sectional data or small, non-representative samples. This study employed a data-driven, multistage analytical approach using data from the Next Steps cohort - a longitudinal study tracking young people born in England between 1989 and 1990 - to identify potential socio-economic, environmental, and attitudinal factors associated with locus of control at age 20. In addition to confirming well-established variables such as sex, family environment, and socio-economic background, the analysis identified several additional potential antecedents, including academic and career aspirations, perceived financial security, national identity, participation in structured activities, and avoidance of addictive behaviors. By utilizing large-scale, nationally representative longitudinal data, this study enhances understanding of the antecedents of locus of control. We propose that these variables be considered for inclusion in future analyses examining the development and outcomes of locus of control.