Evaluation of Full Blood Count in Patients With Cushings Syndrome Attending Federal Teaching Hospital, Owerri, Nigeria.

Cushing’s syndrome is a hormonal disorder caused by prolonged exposure to high cortisol levels, either produced naturally by the body or introduced through steroid medications. While its effects on metabolism and hormonal balance are well known, it can also lead to significant changes in blood parameters. This study was carried out to investigate those haematological changes in patients with Cushing’s syndrome in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria, with the goal of improving clinical understanding and patient care at the Federal Teaching Hospital, Owerri.A total of 30 patients diagnosed with Cushing’s syndrome were compared with 30 healthy individuals of similar age and sex. Blood samples were collected and analyzed for red blood cell indices, white cell counts, and platelet levels. The data was processed using SPSS version 27. Results showed that patients with Cushing’s syndrome had lower levels of haemoglobin (8.64 ± 1.63 g/dL), packed cell volume (25.53 ± 4.88%), red blood cell count (3.28±0.68 × 10¹²/L), mean cell volume (74.63 ± 11.29 fL), mean cell haemoglobin (25.93 ± 3.15 pg), and lymphocyte percentage (28.30±10.99%) compared to the control group. In contrast, red cell distribution width (15.70 ± 2.29%), total white blood cell count (10.55 ± 4.04 × 109/L), neutrophils (66.23 ± 12.93%), and platelets (310.10 ± 108.33 × 109/L) were significantly higher in the Cushing’s group. When haematological parameters were compared between patients aged 20-40 years and those above 40 years, no significant differences were found, indicating that age did not appear to significantly influence the blood profile in this cohort.No significant differences were also observed among males and females with cushing’ssyndrome.Mean cell volume showed a non-significant positive relationship with PCV, haemoglobin, RBC, MCH, MCHC, and neutrophils, and a non-significant negative relationship with RDW, white blood cells, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and platelets.