Effect of financial and environmental performance on firm value moderated by carbon emission disclosure

The development transition in Indonesia is closely related to the exploitation of natural resources and environment. Natural resources and environmental exploitation have resulted in climate change due to greenhouse gas effects. As one of Indonesia’s primary sources of economic growth, the energy sector significantly contributes to carbon production. This study aims to analyze carbon emission disclosure as a moderating variable of the effect of financial and environmental performance on a firm’s value in the energy sector. The study used secondary data collected from the Indonesia Stock Exchange and the company’s website, using 25 listed energy sector companies as the study sample. The method used was moderated regression analysis (MRA) on panel data from 2019 to 2023, which was processed using E-views 12 software. The results show that the independent variable, including financial performance proxied by return on equity (ROE) and environmental performance, simultaneously and partially significantly impacts company value. Carbon emission disclosure, as a moderating variable, can significantly attenuate the influence of financial performance and a firm’s value. However, it only has potential, and cannot significantly influence the relationship between environmental performance and firm value.