Photovoltaic and biogas based renewable energy applications in livestock farms in Karaman province

This study evaluates the economic and environmental advantages of integrating renewable energy systems into livestock farms in Karaman province,Türkiye. A hybrid model combining biogas and photovoltaic (PV) systems was developed and simulated for a representative cattle farm. Biogas production potential was calculated based on local livestock waste data, and a rooftop PV installation was modeled using region-specific solar radiation values. The results demonstrate that such a hybrid system can produce both electrical and thermal energy sufficient to meet on-farm demands, while significantly reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Economic analysis reveals a feasible payback period, and sensitivity tests show resilience against energy price fluctuations. This study is one of the first to model an integrated PV and biogas hybrid energy system at the provincial level in Türkiye, demonstrating its economic and environmental viability.