Investigating the Frictional Characteristics of Tire‐Asphalt Pavement Interactions Under Complex Conditions

In this study, a dynamic friction testing apparatus was independently developed to investigate the frictional properties of tire‐asphalt pavements under varying road conditions, tailored to complex working environments. This device underwent rigorous reliability analysis to ensure compliance with the experimental standards. The calibration of asphalt pavements with varying heating durations established regions of uniform temperature. Experiments were conducted using custom‐designed equipment under conditions involving changes in particle size, temperature, and surface roughness. Results showed that both the maximum static friction and average friction forces increased with increasing temperature. Smaller particle sizes intensified stick–slip behaviour but reduced frictional forces, whereas greater tire surface roughness enhanced friction and accentuated stick–slip phenomena. An improved spring‐slider model was proposed to simulate the frictional behaviour of asphalt pavements, yielding results consistent with the experimental data. Adjusting the roughness parameter in the model demonstrated that friction gradually decreases with reduced roughness, while stick–slip effects diminish, aligning qualitatively with the experimental observations.