Search for neutral triple gauge couplings with ZZ production at future electron-positron colliders

This study investigates neutral triple gauge couplings (nTGCs) through <a:math xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><a:mi>Z</a:mi><a:mi>Z</a:mi></a:math> production at future electron-positron colliders. The impact of beam polarization on the cross section is analyzed. We compare the signals and backgrounds for five different <c:math xmlns:c="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><c:mi>Z</c:mi><c:mi>Z</c:mi></c:math> decay channels and present our event selection strategies for future <e:math xmlns:e="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><e:msup><e:mi>e</e:mi><e:mo>+</e:mo></e:msup><e:msup><e:mi>e</e:mi><e:mo>−</e:mo></e:msup></e:math> colliders. The expected coefficient constraints for all decay channels are provided, and final expected constraints are derived by combining results from the different decay patterns. Our analysis indicates that future electron-positron colliders will have significantly enhanced detection capabilities for nTGCs compared to the current LHC experiments, with expected improvements in constraints by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude.