Paroxetine-Induced Bruxism: A Rare Adverse Effect in a Patient Treated for Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Bruxism is defined as an involuntary motor activity characterised by teeth grinding or clenching. It can occur during wakefulness or sleep. Although often multifactorial, certain psychotropic medications – particularly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) – have been implicated in its onset, especially paroxetine. We present a case study of a 53-year-old female patient who developed bruxism six weeks after commencing paroxetine treatment for generalized anxiety disorder. The diagnosis was confirmed through clinical and dental examinations. Following a gradual discontinuation of paroxetine, sertraline was introduced as a replacement. This resulted in a complete resolution of bruxism within ten days, without any worsening of anxiety. This adverse effect is thought to result from dopaminergic inhibition secondary to excessive stimulation of 5-HT serotonergic receptors. Although rare, cases of bruxism induced by antidepressant medication must be recognised early. It is essential to closely monitor patients, particularly during the initiation of paroxetine treatment. An individualised approach and therapeutic adjustment generally allow for complete symptom resolution without compromising the patient's psychiatric stability.