Social rehabilitation of children with autism spectrum disorder in the Russian Federation and abroad

Analysis of available theoretical data allows concluding that autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are complex mental disorders caused by organic brain damage or dysfunction of the central nervous system. Social adaptation for children with autism is a multifaceted and complex task. Difficulties are caused by behavioral deviations, insufficient attention to the environment, and difficulties in imitation of actions, expression of emotions, and assimilation of social norms. These factors prevent full interaction with others and negatively affect the formation of personality, which leads to social isolation. The child has difficulty establishing contacts, understanding social signals, and adequately responding to various situations. To improve the quality of life of children suffering from autism spectrum disorders, it is necessary to focus efforts on two closely related areas of activity. The first area involves the formation of new skills, including social, communication, and everyday skills that will facilitate the child's adaptation to the surrounding reality and the establishment of contacts with others. The second area covers the correction of undesirable behavioral reactions, such as aggressive behavior, self-harm, and other forms of behavior that interfere with socialization and involvement in society.