Mechanistic Insights into Jianpi Recipe's Amelioration of Sarcopenia Via miRNA Modulation

Introduction: Sarcopenia, characterized by a significant decline in muscle mass and strength, poses a serious threat to the quality of life. Current treatment options are limited, necessitating the exploration of alternative therapeutic strategies. This study investigated the efficacy and mechanism of Jianpi Recipe (JPR), a traditional Chinese medicine formulation, in ameliorating Sarcopenia. Methods: This study employed a dexamethasone (DEX)-induced muscle atrophy mouse model to evaluate the efficacy of JPR. miRNA sequencing was conducted to identify differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs). Enrichment analyses of target mRNAs were performed. The hub DEmiRNAs were identified by a Venn diagram and incorporated to construct a lncRNA-miRNA- mRNA ceRNA network. Finally, the hub DEmiRNAs were validated via RT-qPCR and correlation analysis. Results: JPR dose-dependently improved grip strength, muscle mass, and skeletal muscle histopathology. The miRNA sequencing identified 48 DEmiRNAs in the DEX vs. control group, as well as in the DEX and medium-dose JPR(DEX+M-JPR) vs. DEX group. Enrichment analyses revealed significant pathways, such as the Ras and Wnt signaling pathways, which are involved in the mechanisms underlying the efficacy of JPR. Nine hub DEmiRNAs were identified, with three (mmu-miR-423-3p, mmu-miR-328-3p, and mmu-miR-5621-3p) forming the ceRNA network. RT-qPCR showed that the expression levels of hub DEmiRNAs in control, DEX, and DEX+M - JPR groups were consistent with miRNA sequencing. Correlation analysis revealed a negative correlation between hub DEmiRNAs and relative grip strength and gastrocnemius muscle index. Discussion: This study clarified the protective effects of JPR against Sarcopenia and the mechanisms underlying miRNA modulation. Conclusion: JPR is suggested as a promising treatment for Sarcopenia.