Surface Morphology Modulation of PANI/TiO₂/PEN Electrospun Nanofibrous Composite Membranes for Efficient Dye Wastewater Treatment

Solar‐driven interfacial water evaporation technology is recognized as a highly effective method for water purification. By incorporating photocatalytic degradation capabilities, it can further enhance the efficacy of wastewater treatment involving dye pollutants. In this study, poly(arylene ether nitrile) (PEN), a high‐performance engineering plastic, was fabricated into a robust nanofibrous membrane substrate through electrospinning technology. The membrane was functionalized with polyaniline (PANI) through in‐situ polymerization and subsequently doped with TiO 2 . As a result, dual‐functional PANI/TiO 2 /PEN composite membranes were obtained, exhibiting properties suitable for solar‐driven interfacial water evaporation and photocatalytic dye degradation. In this study, by modulating the surface morphology of PANI particles through involving in‐situ growth on the PEN membrane using different surfactant pretreatments and varying HCl concentrations, a high evaporation rate of 3.17 kg m −2 h −1 was ultimately achieved. However, the dye removal rate reached 95.98% for methylene blue (MB) dye pollutant, owing to the adhesion of TiO 2 with photodegradation ability and the porous electrospun membrane with absorption properties. This study demonstrated high‐efficiency water evaporation by modulating PANI morphology and offers a valuable strategy for constructing dual‐functional nanofibrous membranes with both water evaporation and dye degradation capabilities for wastewater treatment applications.