Pollution Index Mapping Based on Total Suspended Solids Concentration Extracted From Sentinel‐2 MSI Imagery in Teluk Awur Coastal Waters, Jepara Indonesia

Total suspended solids (TSS) are one of the important parameters in monitoring water quality. TSS is a non‐toxic parameter, but in excessive amounts, it can increase the turbidity of the water column, affecting the photosynthesis process. Spatio‐temporal TSS monitoring can be provided by using remote sensing data. Monitoring TSS using an empirical method between Sentinel‐2 verified Rrs by in situ measurement. Half of the 112 samples were used for algorithmic tuning and the others for validation. The study aims to build a TSS algorithm based on Sentinel‐2 satellite imagery for Pollution Index (PI) mapping. Based on the results, the Rrs red has the best response to the spectral values, and the resulting equation is TSS (mg/L) = 109.2 × . The performance of the algorithms in this study was examined by calculating relative bias, RMSE, and MAPE, which were −1.77 mg/L, 3.65 mg/L, and 11.43%, respectively. The TSS prediction from the selected algorithm in this study was further applied for PI mapping. It showed that the slightly polluted area of the Teluk Awur coastal waters was 108.507 km 2 . The slightly polluted region is observed near the coast and is influenced by the sediment input from the rivers.