First Nations Perspectives on the Ethical Use of Drones in Indigenous Health Care

Introducing drones into the health care sector is a recent advancement with minimal investigation of the context-specific factors related to their ethical deployment in First Nation environments. This qualitative study aimed to gain First Nations’ insights into the ethical use of drones within health care settings, responding to calls for drone perspectives in global health. In the summer of 2024, we held eight semi-structured interviews with First Nations Peoples working in drone technology in Canada. We employed thematic analysis, generating 18 inductive codes which led to the construction of six themes: cultural sensitivity and inclusion, health care delivery and accessibility, ethical and legal considerations, education and community engagement, challenges and limitations, and future potential and recommendations. Our findings enhance understanding of the context-specific concerns and challenges that may arise when deploying drones within First Nations communities, specifically for health care use. Our recommendations stress engaging First Nations communities as essential partners. By addressing cultural, ethical, and practical considerations, stakeholders may create more effective and inclusive drone projects that improve health care delivery and empower First Nations communities.