Evaluating the Effectiveness of DASH and Mediterranean Diets in treating Adolescent Hypertension

The prevalence of pediatric and adolescent hypertension has increased in recent years. Diets such as Mediterranean and DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) offer non-intrusive ways to reduce hypertension by decreasing sodium and fat intake. Genetic predisposition plays a significant role in hypertension, but lifestyle factors, particularly diet, are more influential in determining the severity and onset of the condition. The review aims to understand the influence of DASH and Mediterranean diets in decreasing systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in adolescents. We primarily analyzed two studies that conducted dietary interventions in order to assess their effectiveness in lowering blood pressure. Both studies highlighted the potential of dietary interventions, with Couch et al. (2020) focusing on the DASH diet and the Helena study finding a significant association between the Mediterranean diet and blood pressure reduction. Adherence to dietary patterns like the DASH and Mediterranean diets can significantly reduce the risk of heart attacks and strokes later in adulthood for those diagnosed with hypertension in their teenage years.