This hierarchical MOF@MOF sensing approach enables rapid detection of norfloxacin in various samples, highlighting its utility for food safety.
Abstract Norfloxacin (NFX) residues in food and environmental samples threaten human health, necessitating rapid on-site detection. A hierarchical MOF@MOF probe (Ag-MOF-74/NH₂-MIL-53(Al) for ratiometric NFX sensing has been fabricated, in which NH₂-MIL-53(Al) enhances NFX emission via hydrogen bonding and energy transfer, while Ag-MOF-74 provides a stable reference, enabling self-calibration. The probe achieves ultrasensitive detection (6 nM) with high selectivity and reproducibility. A smartphone-based platform was designed for on-site quantification within minutes. Validated in milk, soil, and water, it showed excellent accuracy (98–102% recovery) and precision (RSD < 2.86%). This MOF@MOF strategy offers a robust on-site screening tool and a versatile design paradigm for food safety and environmental monitoring.
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Li et al. (2025) studied this question.
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