Analysis reveals the link between quantum mechanics and Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory, suggesting new insights into time's emergence.
The set-theory twist of quantum mechanics uncovers forcing in axiomatic Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory as a viable tool to understand the singularities in a physical spacetime and serves as a link between the quantum and classical worlds. The random forcing explains the emergence of time in quantum mechanics on infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces. A natural flow of randomness from fully random to deterministic and classical, as in the measurement procedure and the decoherence process, becomes responsible for the cosmological arrow of time and also for the local-coordinate time in spacetime.
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Jerzy Król (2025) studied this question.
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