Study on operation optimization strategies for thermal stratification tank-integrated heating systems

Under the “dual carbon” strategy, traditional heating methods face increasing limitations, highlighting the need for renewable-based alternatives. This paper studies a heating system using a stratified thermal storage tank and proposes two configurations: parallel and series connection of an air source heat pump (ASHP) and an electromagnetic heater. A mathematical model was developed, and system components were simulated using MATLAB with typical daily electricity pricing. Results show the series configuration offers better flexibility and cost-effectiveness. Further strategies within the series system, such as increasing the tank’s maximum storage temperature, improve energy efficiency and economic performance, though requiring better insulation. In a case study building, the series system meets heating demand while reducing costs by 14.1%. The addition of a bypass loop enhances thermal efficiency, flexibility, and stability. This work offers practical guidance for optimizing building heating systems and supports carbon reduction goals.