Anterior shoulder instability in the adolescent population: current concepts

Management of anterior glenohumeral instability in adolescents remains challenging, and optimal modalities and timing of interventions continue to be individualized. Recent evidence favors surgical stabilization after the first episode of instability in certain situations. This review offers an approach to the evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of anterior glenohumeral instability, summarizing recent changes and updates in management for adolescents between 10 and 18 years of age. There is need for continued prospective longitudinal studies with long-term follow-up focusing on shoulder instability in adolescent populations.