Life cycle assessment compares impacts of constructed wetlands for biodiesel and eri-silk against rice mill wastewater, suggesting eco-friendly options for treatment.
Constructed wetlands (CWs) offer a sustainable method for treating nutrient-rich rice mill wastewater while enabling biomass valorization. This study uses Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to compare two castor-based CW models—for biodiesel and eri-silk cocoon production—across key impact categories such as human health, ecosystem quality, resource use, energy, water footprint, and compost sustainability.
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Sathya et al. (2025) studied this question.
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