Analysis of entropy generation and frictional force on magnetohydrodynamics nanofluid due to peristaltic wave via response surface methodology: Sensitivity analysis

Entropy generation analysis in magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) nanofluid flows holds significant importance in enhancing the efficiency of biomedical and industrial applications. Despite existing studies on peristaltic flows, the complexities introduced by nanofluids in MHD systems have not been comprehensively addressed by using response surface methodology. By examining entropy generation and frictional forces in an MHD nanofluid under peristaltic motion, this study seeks to close this gap. The study investigates nonlinear interactions between important factors using response surface methodology (RSM). To achieve this goal the partial differential equations are converted into non-linear ordinary differential equations and obtain numerical values by using the homotopy perturbation method. These numerical values are then used to develop correlations between input parameters and output responses. The residuals are plots to ensure the accuracy of developed correlations. The high value of R2=99.99, adj−R2=99.99 and R2=99.27, adj−R2=98.61 shows the strong developed correlations. Predictive models were created using RSM in order to decrease entropy formation and optimize flow conditions. Important results show that adding nanoparticles significantly alters flow dynamics, improving thermal conductivity but also raising frictional forces, which may be controlled by precisely adjusting the magnetic field. The analysis highlights the sensitivity of the Weissenberg number in MHD non-Newtonian nanofluid flows by showing that it has a considerable impact on entropy formation. It is found that the Weissenberg number has a substantial impact on entropy formation and is highly sensitive to elastic stresses in fluids. Also, Grashof and Weissenberg numbers rise, frictional force rises as well, demonstrating the effect of buoyancy and elasticity effect on flow resistance. This work highlights the potential of MHD nanofluids in lowering energy dissipation and enhancing device performance by offering a structured framework for the optimization of biomedical devices using peristaltic flows, such as micro-pumps and drug delivery systems.