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August 25, 2025Open Access

The nexus of climatic change, socio-economic factors, and migration in Asia

Key Points

Climate change factors, like temperature and rainfall, significantly increase migration rates across Asia.
The study used multiple regression techniques to analyze migration data from 47 Asian countries over three decades.
The impact of socio-economic factors such as economic growth and population density on migration is also notable.
Understanding these dynamics could inform better policy responses to migration driven by environmental and economic changes.

Abstract

The migration has been a major concern for the past three decades in Asia when the international migration has been more widely studied than migration resulting from climate change factors such as temperature, rainfall, CO2 emission, and other environmental factors. To address this gap in the literature, a study was conducted using the random effect, fixed effect, and the generalized least squares regression in short run and FMOLS, DOLS, and CCR regression in long run to investigate the effects of climate change and key economic factors on migration for a sample of the 47 countries in Asia from 1990 to 2020 by five-year data. The findings showed that climate change factors, including temperature and rainfall, have a significant and positive impact on migration from these Asian nations. Additionally, the socio-economic factors such as economic growth, rule of law, population density have increased migration over the past three decades.

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