An Effective Energy Production and Analysis in a Solar Tracking System

The PV cells are widely used for the purpose of capturing solar energy and converting it into electricity. Throughout the day, as we know, the Earth moves from west to east and the seasons change, the angle at which its radiation from Sun hits the Earth also changes. Consequently, the output power of PV panels fluctuates. When PV panels are oriented parallel to the sun's path, their output voltage increases. The motive of this research is to upgrade the efficiency of solar tracking systems by minimizing mechanical tracking errors and reducing energy consumption. To achieve this, a PID controller is employed, which is based on the Oppositional-based Chimp Optimization Algorithm (OChOA). The system implements and simulates four energy-saving strategies. The simulation results illustrates that the proposed controller achieves a tracking error of 0.0541o and an energy consumption of 3.56879 Wh, surpassing the performance of existing techniques.