AI in Cybercrime: Legal Responses to Use of Artificial Intelligence in Ransomware and Phishing Attacks

The fast development of Artificial Intelligence has caused the transition of standards and techniques in various industries, but this has also brought in new challenges, especially in the area of cybercrime. It is used mostly to create highly powerful ransomware and phishing attacks, thus making them very dangerous for personal security, and especially for the security of the nation and an organization. Ransomware and phishing attacks usually prey on manual skills to defraud familiar individuals. Yet, using AI, criminals were able to create more efficient attacks that are much harder to detect. Its algorithms can design personalized phishing emails by reviewing immense data sets in a highly efficient manner, which directly results in a convincing email. This would then make the email look convincing and help the attacker have the highest possibility of success. The laws that are used to prevent such crimes are not as effective as they can be when it comes to the newer AI-related nuances that make direct liability determination much trickier when the AI system is acting on its own. The cross-border activity of hackers is usually the result of differences in laws and technology enforcement capacity. Although there is a difference of opinion amongst various nations all should come together when it is the question of national security. This paper analyses the legal responses and liability regarding the growing use of AI in these cybercrimes, with focus on the existing legal frameworks and the challenges and developments to be addressed.