Heavy metal content in organs and tissues of prussian carp of Zaporizke (Dniprovske) reservoir

The concentration of heavy metals in the water of the Zaporizke (Dniprovske) reservoir is increasing every year. Heavy metals in water can negatively affect fish and other aquatic organisms and cause specific stress reactions. The paper investigated and analyzed the features of the distribution of heavy metals in the body of prussian carp from different areas of the Zaporizke (Dniprovske) reservoir, and certain patterns were identified. The content of heavy metals in the muscle tissue of prussian carp did not exceed the MACs for fish as a food product. The concentration of metals such as copper, ferrum, and nickel in the gills of prussian carp from Samara Bay was 1.8, 1.6, and 12.8 times higher than in fish from the lower part of the reservoir, respectively. The concentration of zinc, manganese, copper, iron, and lead in the hepatopancreas of silver crucian carp from the Samara Bay was higher than in fish from the lower part of the reservoir – 6.0, 3.0, 8.7, 2.6, and 7.3 times, respectively. The concentration of zinc, manganese, copper, ferrum, and lead in the hepatopancreas of fishes from the Samara Bay was 6.0, 3.0, 8.7, 2.6, and 7.3 times higher than in fish from the lower part of the reservoir, respectively. In fish from the lower part of the reservoir, a 5.5-fold increase in cadmium concentration was recorded, compared to fish from the Samara Bay. It was established that the pattern of accumulation of lead, ferrum, and cadmium in the fish organism in the two studied areas of the Zaporizke (Dniprovske) reservoir (Samara Bay and the lower part of the reservoir) is the same. Regarding the features of the accumulation of heavy metals by the organs of the prussian carp, it was found that metals such as Zn and Fe were primarily accumulated. An extremely high level of Zn accumulation was noted for all the studied organs of the fishes from different areas of the reservoir. Also, an extremely high level of accumulation of Mn and Fe in the gills and Cu and Fe in the hepatopancreas of fishes from the Samara Bay was determined. Thus, prussian carp from the Samara Bay is exposed to a more intense impact of heavy metals, which in turn can negatively affect the physiological state of the whole organism.