A rare manifestation of Henoch–Schoenlein purpura: haemoptysis secondary to pulmonary involvement – a case report

Henoch-Schoenlein purpura (HSP) in children is the most prevalent form of vasculitis. While the lungs are recognised as potential target organs in several vasculitides during childhood, pulmonary involvement in HSP is exceptionally rare. A 5-year-old girl presented with haemoptysis during week 3 of HSP vasculitis. Radiological findings from a pulmonary computed tomography scan confirmed alveolar haemorrhage. The patient was administered pulse corticosteroid therapy at a dose of 30 mg/kg/day for 3 days, followed by a regimen of 2 mg/kg/day and azathioprine. During follow-up, the corticosteroid treatment was gradually tapered, and the patient remains under azathioprine monotherapy without any complications. Pulmonary involvement in HSP can be life-threatening; thorough systemic examination is therefore imperative. Further evaluation should be considered necessary when assessing patients with HSP. Close monitoring for respiratory symptoms is essential in the later stages of the disease.