Ultrasound-Guided Interventions for the Shoulder

Ultrasound imaging of the shoulder is a highly valuable modality that enhances diagnostic accuracy and facilitates precise injection therapy for a variety of shoulder conditions. This article provides a review of ultrasound-guided interventions, including intra-articular injections of the glenohumeral joint, subacromial-subdeltoid bursa, injections into the biceps tendon recess, and acromioclavicular joint. Comprehensive guidance is presented on probe selection, patient positioning, and step-by-step procedural protocols tailored to specific anatomical targets. Emphasis is placed on optimizing needle placement using in-plane and out-of-plane techniques, minimizing risks such as neurovascular injury or inadvertent intratendinous injection, and ensuring effective delivery of therapeutic agents. Additional considerations include the use of advanced techniques like capsular hydrodilatation in management of adhesive capsulitis. Text is supplemented with anatomical notes.