Multi-target coil array design with high focusing properties

As a critical component of transcranial magnetic stimulation systems, stimulation coils have been a primary focus of research. A novel three-dimensional vertical (3-DV) coil was developed and evaluated through comparative tests against the figure-of-eight coil, biconical coil, double-butterfly coil, and quadruple butterfly coil. The results demonstrated that the 3-DV coil outperformed the others in terms of both the uniformity of the electric field distribution and the magnitude of the field strength. The human head model tests show that the array composed of 3-DV coils can stimulate four target brain regions simultaneously and accurately and exhibits good penetration ability. To validate the reliability of the simulation data, an experimental platform was built for measurements, and the results showed that the measured data were highly consistent with the simulation results, fully proving the validity of the research method.