FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF TRADE SPACE IN THE CITY OF SLOBOZHANSHCHINYA IN THE 18th – EARLY 19TH CENTURIES

The purpose of the article is to highlight the architectural and urban planning features of markets, as specific trading spaces of the cities of Slobozhanshchyna in the period of the 18th - early 19th centuries, and to identify the factors that influenced the formation of these objects. In the course of the work, the methods of iconographic and cartographic analysis, analysis and systematization of data from scientific works on the history of the cities of Slobozhanshchina were used. Scientific works containing new data on the object of study were analyzed. Two main types of markets were identified based on their location in the city structure and genetic origin, and their main functional and planning characteristics were determined. The original combination of trading spaces of the cities of Slobozhanshchyna in the 18th century with elements of fortification structures was identified, as evidenced by the location of trading squares on the esplanades of the fortresses of the cities of Slobozhanshchyna, and the subsequent formation of a system of urban squares with a predominance of a trading function in these territories. The following main conclusions were made: - the reasons for the unification of market spaces with the fortification system, transport logistics and city squares are revealed; - a study of the markets in the functional aspect proved that they had a similar functional content. The main functional zones were: administrative, commercial, cultural and spiritual. The markets of the central part of the city also had an administrative and political function; and the markets of the peripheral part of the city developed the functions of public spaces more actively; - a study of the markets in the planning aspect showed that the markets of the central part were characterized by a relatively small area and dense development, had significant planning connectivity with the urban area; the markets of the peripheral part of the city had a larger total area and lower density of development, as well as significant external communication connectivity.