Promising approaches for the pathogenetic treatment of periodontitis

Background : Periodontitis, a prevalent chronic inflammatory disease, can lead to severe dental complications, including secondary adentia. It is closely associated with numerous life-threatening pathologies, including atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and Alzheimer’s disease. A promising direction for developing new treatments for periodontitis is the implementation of approaches successfully used in other fields of medicine in dental practice. Objective : To analyze and summarize the results of preclinical studies, observational research, and randomized controlled trials of drugs with pleiotropic effects that may positively influence disease mechanisms. Among the potential therapeutic approaches considered are anti-inflammatory agents (monoclonal antibodies, kinase inhibitors, proteasome inhibitors), as well as drugs used ininternal medicine that possess anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antibacterial, antibiofilm, and osteoprotective properties (e.g., metformin, incretinmimetics, pirfenidone, and statins).