Serum Vitamin D, Calcium And Phosphate Levels In Patients With Acute Mania: A Crosssectional Comparative Study

Study Design: Cross-sectional study with comparative groups. Place and Duration of Study: Rawal General Hospital, Islamabad, 10 months (October 2023 to Jul 2024). Methodology: Forty patients suffering from manic episode according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders(DSM)- 5 criteria were included in the study, after informed consent. They were compared to 40 age and gender-matched healthy controls who had no previous psychiatric history. The authorization to conduct the study was given by the Ethical Review Board of the medical college vide the ERB permission letter. Young Mania Rating scale was administered to the patients to assess the severity of mania. Venous blood was drawn from all the participants to determine the serum levels of vitamin D, Calcium and Phosphate. Statistical analysis was done with the help of SPSS-23. For numeric variables, descriptive statistics and mean with standard deviation were calculated, whereas frequencies and percentages were calculated for the categorical variables. For the analysis of categorical variables Chi-square test was used, and for the numerical variables, the Independent samples t-test was utilized. The p- value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: With respect to demographic details, the cases and controls were homogeneous. The mean Serum vitamin D was 11.52 } 5.83 ng/ml for the cases and 17.46 } 6.18 ng/ml for the controls, and this result was statistically significant(P < 0.01). Conclusion: In our sample, bipolar patients with a manic episode had significantly lower Vitamin D levels, and this purportedly implicated the latter factor in the pathogenesis of bipolar mania.