Ethnobotanical Knowledge of the Lao Isan Ethnic Group in Communities Surrounding Khakrang Creek, Mueang District, Maha Sarakham Province, Northeastern Thailand

This study explores the ethnobotanical knowledge of the Lao Isan ethnic group residing near Khakrang Creek in Mueang District, Maha Sarakham Province, Northeastern Thailand. Data were collected through ethnobotanical field surveys and semi-structured, open-ended interviews with 30 purposively selected participants, including traditional healers, local experts, elders, and villagers. Ninety-six plant species belonging to 83 genera and 35 botanical families were identified, with the Fabaceae, Asteraceae, and Convolvulaceae families being the most represented. The plants were categorized based on their use value (UV), highlighting species such as Tamarindus indica L., Ipomoea aquatica Forssk., Momordica charantia L., and Phyllanthus emblica L. for their significant roles in local practices. Traditional uses were classified into ten categories: animal fodder, appliances, cultural, ritual, belief-related practices, ecological service, fertilizer, food, fuel, and medicine. The Informant Consensus Factor (Fic) and Fidelity Level (FL) values indicated strong consensus and consistent use of certain plants for specific ailments, particularly in the medicinal category. The study underscores the importance of preserving ethnobotanical knowledge, especially regarding medicinal plants, due to its significant contribution to community well-being and environmental sustainability. This research emphasizes the connection between cultural heritage, biodiversity conservation, and healthcare by documenting the diverse plant species and their traditional uses. The study calls for greater efforts to protect indigenous knowledge passed down through generations and the ecosystems that sustain these invaluable plants. Preserving these practices ensures that future generations benefit from plants' healing properties while safeguarding the natural world.