A Full Time-Based Buck Converter with Adaptive Gain and Linear Feedforward Compensation

Abstract This paper presents a full time-based high-frequency Buck converter with adaptive gain and linear feedforward control. The proposed architecture treats time as the processing variable, achieving wide input range and high power density without introducing additional quantization errors. It fully integrates PID control in the time domain, ensuring nearly constant loop gain crossover frequency across the entire input voltage range. The design is implemented in CSMC 250nm CMOS technology, with an input voltage range of 5-30V, regulated output voltage of 3.3V, and maximum output current of 1.5A. The post-regulation ripple current is 900µA. The total chip area is 1.5mm² (controller area: 0.4mm²). Simulation results demonstrate a 3.3X reduction in line transient response time and minimal input voltage dependence on control loop bandwidth.