Perceptions of Patients and Their Families Regarding the Culture of Patient Safety in Critical Care Units at Governmental Hospitals: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract Background Patient safety culture is essential to healthcare quality; however, most studies in this field have primarily focused on healthcare providers. Investigating patient and their families’ perspectives on safety remains a relatively under-researched area. Methods A cross-sectional study aimed to examine the perception of patients and their families regarding the culture of patient safety within critical care units in governmental hospitals. Results It revealed that patients reported a mean score of 18.30 on the Patient Measure of Safety index, while family members reported a higher mean score of 20.40. Patient education was found to have a statistically significant impact on safety perception (p = 0.008), and the length of stay was positively correlated with safety perception (r = 0.211). Among family members, marital status (p = 0.003), place of residence (p = 0.00), and work status (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with safety perceptions. Moreover, perception among family members positively correlated with their age (r = 0.59) and length of stay (r = 0.41). Conclusions These findings demonstrated a generally positive safety culture in critical care settings, influenced by various demographic and contextual factors. To improve this safety culture further, this study suggests reinforcing patient-centred care, expanding staff training, and ensure consistent implementation of safety protocols. Trial registration: Not applicable